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top: 58%; left: 27%;\u0022 data-slide-to=\u00221\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n                        Naar hotspot #1\n                      \u003C\/span\u003E\n                      \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n                        To hotspot #1\n                      \u003C\/span\u003E\n                    \u003C\/button\u003E\n                  \u003C\/li\u003E\n                                  \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__hotspot-item\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cbutton class=\u0022map-slide__hotspot js-swiper__slide-to\u0022 style=\u0022width: 3%; top: 50%; left: 10%;\u0022 data-slide-to=\u00222\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n                        Naar hotspot #2\n                      \u003C\/span\u003E\n                      \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n                        To hotspot #2\n                      \u003C\/span\u003E\n                    \u003C\/button\u003E\n                  \u003C\/li\u003E\n                                  \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__hotspot-item\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cbutton class=\u0022map-slide__hotspot js-swiper__slide-to\u0022 style=\u0022width: 3%; top: 40%; left: 25%;\u0022 data-slide-to=\u00223\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n                        Naar hotspot #3\n                      \u003C\/span\u003E\n                      \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n                        To hotspot #3\n                      \u003C\/span\u003E\n                    \u003C\/button\u003E\n                  \u003C\/li\u003E\n                                  \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__hotspot-item\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cbutton class=\u0022map-slide__hotspot js-swiper__slide-to\u0022 style=\u0022width: 3%; top: 71%; left: 93%;\u0022 data-slide-to=\u00224\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n                        Naar hotspot #4\n                      \u003C\/span\u003E\n                      \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n                        To hotspot #4\n                      \u003C\/span\u003E\n                    \u003C\/button\u003E\n                  \u003C\/li\u003E\n                                  \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__hotspot-item\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cbutton class=\u0022map-slide__hotspot js-swiper__slide-to\u0022 style=\u0022width: 4%; top: 55 %; left: 75%;\u0022 data-slide-to=\u00225\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n                        Naar hotspot #5\n                      \u003C\/span\u003E\n                      \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n                        To hotspot #5\n                      \u003C\/span\u003E\n                    \u003C\/button\u003E\n                  \u003C\/li\u003E\n                                  \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__hotspot-item\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cbutton class=\u0022map-slide__hotspot js-swiper__slide-to\u0022 style=\u0022width: 3%; top: 75%; left: 5%;\u0022 data-slide-to=\u00226\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n                        Naar hotspot #6\n                      \u003C\/span\u003E\n                      \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n                        To hotspot #6\n                      \u003C\/span\u003E\n                    \u003C\/button\u003E\n                  \u003C\/li\u003E\n                              \u003C\/ul\u003E\n                      \u003C\/figure\u003E\n        \u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content\u0022\u003E\n          \n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content-inner\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Ch2 class=\u0022map-slide__title\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n                Apotheek ca. 1928\n\n            \u003C\/h2\u003E\n              \u003Ch2 class=\u0022map-slide__title\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n    Pharmacy approx 1928\n  \u003C\/h2\u003E\n\n            \n            \n\n                          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__hotspot-description\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n                Klik op de objecten voor meer informatie\n              \u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__hotspot-description\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n                Click on the objects for more information\n              \u003C\/div\u003E\n            \n            \n\n  \u003Ch2 class=\u0022caption map-slide__caption\u0022\u003E\n    \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--camera caption__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-camera\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n    \u003Cspan class=\u0022caption__text\u0022\u003E\n      Bron: Stadsarchief Amsterdam\n    \u003C\/span\u003E\n  \u003C\/h2\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003EIn 1900 blikt De Vereeniging tegen de Kwakzalverij terug op twintig jaar strijd tegen geheimmiddelen; geneesmiddelen waarvan de samenstelling of bereiding door de fabrikant geheim worden gehouden en vaak verdovende middelen bevatten. In het Maandblad van de vereniging beschrijft dokter Hendrik Burger de gewetensvolle houding van de apotheker, die vaak zou \u2018weigeren recepten te bereiden voor morfine, coca\u00efne, chloraalhydraat en andere verdovende middelen, die voor de gebruiker nadelige gevolgen kunnen hebben.\u2019 Burger wil hiermee publiekelijk aangeven dat artsen en apothekers zorgvuldig met risicovolle verdovende middelen omgaan. Artsen en apothekers proberen het publiek ervan te overtuigen dat zij betrouwbare poortwachters zijn bij het verantwoord medisch gebruik van \u2018verdovende\u2019 middelen. Artsen en apothekers spreken vol trots over morfine. Morfine heeft een wetenschappelijk imago, dat past bij het imago van de moderne geneeskunde. In de praktijk echter vervullen artsen en apothekers hun poortwachtersrol voor morfine niet altijd met succes. Soms raken ze zelf verslaafd aan morfine. Als vanaf 1919 morfine receptplichtig is duurt het nog een tijdje voordat artsen en apothekers hun controlerende rol goed gaan uitvoeren.\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003EIn 1900 The Dutch Society against Quackery looks back on twenty years of the fight against secret remedies; medicines whose composition or preparation were kept secret by the manufacturer and often contained narcotics. In the monthly magazine of the association, Dr. Hendrik Burger describes the conscientious attitude of the pharmacist, who often \u0022refuses to prepare prescriptions for morphine, cocaine, chloral hydrate and other narcotics, which can have adverse effects for the user.\u0022 indicated that doctors and pharmacists handled risky narcotics with care. Doctors and pharmacists were trying to convince the public that they were reliable gatekeepers to safeguard the responsible medical use of \u0027narcotics\u0027. Doctors and pharmacists spoke proudly about morphine. Morphine had a scientific image that matched the image of modern medicine. In practice, however, doctors and pharmacists did not always successfully fulfill their gatekeeper role for morphine. Sometimes they became addicted to morphine themselves. After morphine became a prescription-only opiate drug in 1919, it lasted some time before doctors and pharmacists properly performed their monitoring role.\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n        \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/section\u003E\n     \u003C\/li\u003E\n\n                \n\n\n\n\n  \u003Cli class=\u0022swiper-slide\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Csection class=\u0022paragraph paragraph--type--hotspot-item map-slide\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__card\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cfigure class=\u0022map-slide__large-figure\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmaps0358-001jpgwebpitok1lwflm0-\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-large active\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/uncut_800\/public\/maps\/0358-001.jpg?itok=WR9viS9s\u0022 title=\u0022Het maandblad uitgegeven door de Vereeniging tegen de Kwakzalverij. Bron: yumpu.com\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n    \u003C\/figure\u003E\n  \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content-inner\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003Cbutton data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022 class=\u0022button-link button-link--with-icon map-slide__back js-swiper__home\u0022\u003E\n              \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--arrow-left button-link__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-arrow-left\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n              \u003Cspan class=\u0022map-slide__back-text button-link__text\u0022\u003ETerug\u003C\/span\u003E\n            \u003C\/button\u003E\n            \u003Cbutton data-loc=\u0022en\u0022 class=\u0022button-link button-link--with-icon map-slide__back js-swiper__home\u0022\u003E\n              \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--arrow-left button-link__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-arrow-left\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n              \u003Cspan class=\u0022map-slide__back-text button-link__text\u0022\u003EReturn\u003C\/span\u003E\n            \u003C\/button\u003E\n                    \n          \n          \n\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022caption map-slide__caption\u0022\u003E\n        \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--camera caption__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-camera\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n        \u003Cspan class=\u0022caption__text\u0022 id=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmaps0358-001jpgwebpitok1lwflm0-\u0022\u003E\n          Het maandblad uitgegeven door de Vereeniging tegen de Kwakzalverij. Bron: yumpu.com\n        \u003C\/span\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n                        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003EDe Vereeniging tegen de Kwakzalverij is voortdurend bezig strijd te voeren tegen geheimmiddelen; geneesmiddelen waarvan de samenstelling of bereiding door de fabrikant geheim worden gehouden en vaak verdovende middelen bevatten. In hun Maandblad laten ze weten dat alleen artsen en apothekers in staat zijn om zorgvuldig met de risicovolle verdovende middelen om te gaan. Prominent lid van de Vereeniging is de hoofdredacteur van het \u003Cem\u003EPharmaceutisch Weekblad\u003C\/em\u003E, Leopold van Itallie. Hij zoekt de publiciteit bij het verdedigen van de poortwachtersfunctie van apothekers. In de Nieuwe Rotterdamse Courant van 1913 schreef hij: \u0022Een belangrijke groothandel in medicijnen levert een winkeleigenaar, zonder enige medische autoriteit, een kilo morfine, een hoeveelheid die groter is dan de meeste experts ooit in hun leven hebben gezien. De winkeleigenaar stelt deze hoeveelheid morfine, die genoeg is om 2500 mensen te doden, vervolgens ter beschikking aan een onbekende. Hij denkt er niet eens aan te onderzoeken waarom dit verrassend grote bedrag wordt gekocht (...) Bij het uitdelen van het gif houdt hij dezelfde voorzorgsmaatregelen in acht als bij het overhandigen van een kilo suiker of krijt. Hij is gewoon blij dat hij een goede werkdag heeft gehad.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003EThe Dutch Society against Quackery was constantly fighting against nostrums. In their Monthly magazine they claimed that only doctors and pharmacists were able to handle the high-risk narcotics with care. A prominent member of the Society was the editor-in-chief of the Pharmaceutical Journal, Leopold van Itallie. He sought publicity in defending the gatekeeper function of pharmacists. In the Nieuwe Rotterdamse Courant of 1913 he wrote: \u201cAn important wholesaler of medicines supplies a shop owner, without any medical authority, with a kilogram of morphine, an amount greater than most experts have ever seen in their lives. The store owner then makes this amount of morphine, which is enough to kill 2,500 people, available to an unknown person. He does not even think to investigate why this surprisingly large amount is being bought (\u2026) When handing out the poison, he observes the same precautions as when handing over a kilogram of sugar or chalk. He is just happy that he had a good day at work.\u201d\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n                  \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/section\u003E\n  \u003C\/li\u003E\n\n  \n\n\n\n\n  \u003Cli class=\u0022swiper-slide\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Csection class=\u0022paragraph paragraph--type--hotspot-item map-slide\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__card\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cfigure class=\u0022map-slide__large-figure\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmaps0358-002jpgwebpitokpjolu-gk\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-large active\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/uncut_800\/public\/maps\/0358-002.jpg?itok=h4h_gkae\u0022 title=\u0022Morfineampullen. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n    \u003C\/figure\u003E\n  \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content-inner\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003Cbutton data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022 class=\u0022button-link button-link--with-icon map-slide__back js-swiper__home\u0022\u003E\n              \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--arrow-left button-link__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-arrow-left\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n              \u003Cspan class=\u0022map-slide__back-text button-link__text\u0022\u003ETerug\u003C\/span\u003E\n            \u003C\/button\u003E\n            \u003Cbutton data-loc=\u0022en\u0022 class=\u0022button-link button-link--with-icon map-slide__back js-swiper__home\u0022\u003E\n              \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--arrow-left button-link__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-arrow-left\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n              \u003Cspan class=\u0022map-slide__back-text button-link__text\u0022\u003EReturn\u003C\/span\u003E\n            \u003C\/button\u003E\n                    \n          \n          \n\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022caption map-slide__caption\u0022\u003E\n        \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--camera caption__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-camera\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n        \u003Cspan class=\u0022caption__text\u0022 id=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmaps0358-002jpgwebpitokpjolu-gk\u0022\u003E\n          Morfineampullen. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\n        \u003C\/span\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n                        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003ETussen 1920 en 1940 spreken artsen en apothekers met vol trots over de nieuwe generatie moderne verdovende middelen en morfine in het bijzonder. Morfine heeft een wetenschappelijk imago dat past bij het imago van de moderne geneeskunde. De extractie van morfine uit opium en toediening via een injectiespuit maakt het medicijn tot een symbool van de technologische vooruitgang waarmee leiders van de medische gemeenschap graag worden geassocieerd.\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003EDoctors and pharmacists spoke with pride about the new generation of modern narcotics and morphine in particular. Morphine had a scientific image that matched the image of modern medicine. The extraction of morphine from opium and administration via syringe made the drug a symbol of the technological advancement that leaders of the medical community were fond of being associated with.\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n                  \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/section\u003E\n  \u003C\/li\u003E\n\n  \n\n\n\n\n  \u003Cli class=\u0022swiper-slide\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Csection class=\u0022paragraph paragraph--type--hotspot-item map-slide\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__card\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cul class=\u0022map-slide__image-large-list\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-large-item js-tab-panel  js-tab-panel-active \u0022 id=\u0022image-large-tabpanel-1\u0022 role=\u0022tabpanel\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022image-tab-1\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cfigure class=\u0022map-slide__large-figure\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmapspantopon-ampul2jpgwebpitok4e3ks1-a\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-large active\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/uncut_800\/public\/maps\/pantopon_ampul2.jpg?itok=5M8B-ydv\u0022 title=\u0022Pantopon Ampullen. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n        \u003C\/figure\u003E\n      \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-large-item js-tab-panel \u0022 id=\u0022image-large-tabpanel-2\u0022 role=\u0022tabpanel\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022image-tab-2\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cfigure class=\u0022map-slide__large-figure\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmapspantopon-roche-poederjpgwebpitoklpwowu8m\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-large\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/uncut_800\/public\/maps\/pantopon_roche_poeder.jpg?itok=WKwgXTwQ\u0022 title=\u0022Pantopon Poeder. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n        \u003C\/figure\u003E\n      \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-large-item js-tab-panel \u0022 id=\u0022image-large-tabpanel-3\u0022 role=\u0022tabpanel\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022image-tab-3\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cfigure class=\u0022map-slide__large-figure\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmapsdilaudid-knoll2jpgwebpitokzodlhgeg\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-large\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/uncut_800\/public\/maps\/dilaudid_knoll2.jpg?itok=rwpr9Ab4\u0022 title=\u0022Dilaudid. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n        \u003C\/figure\u003E\n      \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-large-item js-tab-panel \u0022 id=\u0022image-large-tabpanel-4\u0022 role=\u0022tabpanel\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022image-tab-4\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cfigure class=\u0022map-slide__large-figure\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmaps746-011023261444jpegwebpitok39zepsth\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-large\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/uncut_800\/public\/maps\/746_011023261444.jpeg?itok=77hyHQe1\u0022 title=\u0022Dicodid. Bron: Norwegian Pharmacy Museum.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n        \u003C\/figure\u003E\n      \u003C\/li\u003E\n      \u003C\/ul\u003E\n\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content-inner\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003Cbutton data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022 class=\u0022button-link button-link--with-icon map-slide__back js-swiper__home\u0022\u003E\n              \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--arrow-left button-link__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-arrow-left\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n              \u003Cspan class=\u0022map-slide__back-text button-link__text\u0022\u003ETerug\u003C\/span\u003E\n            \u003C\/button\u003E\n            \u003Cbutton data-loc=\u0022en\u0022 class=\u0022button-link button-link--with-icon map-slide__back js-swiper__home\u0022\u003E\n              \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--arrow-left button-link__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-arrow-left\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n              \u003Cspan class=\u0022map-slide__back-text button-link__text\u0022\u003EReturn\u003C\/span\u003E\n            \u003C\/button\u003E\n                    \n          \n          \n\n\n  \u003Cul class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail-list\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail-item\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cbutton class=\u0022map-slide__thumb-button js-tab-item\u0022 role=\u0022tab\u0022 id=\u0022image-tab-1\u0022 aria-controls=\u0022image-large-tabpanel-1\u0022 data-panel=\u00221\u0022 aria-selected=\u0022true\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail active\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/medium\/public\/maps\/pantopon_ampul2.jpg.webp?itok=4e3KS1_A\u0022 title=\u0022Pantopon Ampullen. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n          \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022\u003E\n            Pantopon Ampullen. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\n          \u003C\/span\u003E\n        \u003C\/button\u003E\n      \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail-item\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cbutton class=\u0022map-slide__thumb-button js-tab-item\u0022 role=\u0022tab\u0022 id=\u0022image-tab-2\u0022 aria-controls=\u0022image-large-tabpanel-2\u0022 data-panel=\u00222\u0022 aria-selected=\u0022false\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/medium\/public\/maps\/pantopon_roche_poeder.jpg.webp?itok=LPwowU8M\u0022 title=\u0022Pantopon Poeder. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n          \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022\u003E\n            Pantopon Poeder. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\n          \u003C\/span\u003E\n        \u003C\/button\u003E\n      \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail-item\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cbutton class=\u0022map-slide__thumb-button js-tab-item\u0022 role=\u0022tab\u0022 id=\u0022image-tab-3\u0022 aria-controls=\u0022image-large-tabpanel-3\u0022 data-panel=\u00223\u0022 aria-selected=\u0022false\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/medium\/public\/maps\/dilaudid_knoll2.jpg.webp?itok=ZODLhgEG\u0022 title=\u0022Dilaudid. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n          \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022\u003E\n            Dilaudid. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\n          \u003C\/span\u003E\n        \u003C\/button\u003E\n      \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail-item\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cbutton class=\u0022map-slide__thumb-button js-tab-item\u0022 role=\u0022tab\u0022 id=\u0022image-tab-4\u0022 aria-controls=\u0022image-large-tabpanel-4\u0022 data-panel=\u00224\u0022 aria-selected=\u0022false\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/medium\/public\/maps\/746_011023261444.jpeg.webp?itok=39ZepsTh\u0022 title=\u0022Dicodid. Bron: Norwegian Pharmacy Museum.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n          \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022\u003E\n            Dicodid. Bron: Norwegian Pharmacy Museum.\n          \u003C\/span\u003E\n        \u003C\/button\u003E\n      \u003C\/li\u003E\n      \u003C\/ul\u003E\n  \u003Cul class=\u0022map-slide__image-caption-list\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-caption-item js-tab-item-extra  js-tab-item-extra--active \u0022 data-panel=\u00221\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__thumb-figcaption caption map-slide__caption\u0022\u003E\n            \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--camera caption__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-camera\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n            \u003Cspan class=\u0022caption__text\u0022\u003E\n              Pantopon Ampullen. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\n            \u003C\/span\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-caption-item js-tab-item-extra \u0022 data-panel=\u00222\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__thumb-figcaption caption map-slide__caption\u0022\u003E\n            \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--camera caption__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-camera\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n            \u003Cspan class=\u0022caption__text\u0022\u003E\n              Pantopon Poeder. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\n            \u003C\/span\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-caption-item js-tab-item-extra \u0022 data-panel=\u00223\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__thumb-figcaption caption map-slide__caption\u0022\u003E\n            \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--camera caption__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-camera\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n            \u003Cspan class=\u0022caption__text\u0022\u003E\n              Dilaudid. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\n            \u003C\/span\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-caption-item js-tab-item-extra \u0022 data-panel=\u00224\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__thumb-figcaption caption map-slide__caption\u0022\u003E\n            \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--camera caption__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-camera\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n            \u003Cspan class=\u0022caption__text\u0022\u003E\n              Dicodid. Bron: Norwegian Pharmacy Museum.\n            \u003C\/span\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003C\/li\u003E\n      \u003C\/ul\u003E\n\n                        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003EDe vraag van medische professionals en het publiek naar krachtigere, sneller werkende en veiligere pijnstillers blijft groeien. Duitse, Britse en Amerikaanse farmaceutische bedrijven doen hun uiterste best om aan deze vraag te voldoen. Ondermeer de sterkwerkende opiaatmerkgeneesmiddelen Pantopon, Dicodid, Dilaudid en Eukodal (het inmiddels beruchte oxycodon) komen op de markt. De hoogleraar geneesmiddelleer en arts Ulbe Gerrit Bijlsma staat zeer kritisch tegenover deze nieuwe pijnstillers: \u0022Ze mogen nieuwe haren planten van deze morfine vosfamilie maar ze zullen hun streken niet verliezen\u0022 (1935)\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003EDemand from medical professionals and the public for more potent, faster-acting, and safer painkillers continued to grow. German, British, French and American pharmaceutical companies were doing their utmost to meet this demand. Among others, the strong opiate brand medicines Pantopon, Dicodid, Dilaudid and Eukodal (the now infamous oxycodone) were introduced on the medical market. The Dutch professor of medicine and physician Ulbe Gerrit Bijlsma was very critical of these new painkillers: \u0022They may plant new hairs of this morphine fox family, but they will not lose their tricks\u0022 (1935)\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n                  \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/section\u003E\n  \u003C\/li\u003E\n\n  \n\n\n\n\n  \u003Cli class=\u0022swiper-slide\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Csection class=\u0022paragraph paragraph--type--hotspot-item map-slide\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__card\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cul class=\u0022map-slide__image-large-list\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-large-item js-tab-panel  js-tab-panel-active \u0022 id=\u0022image-large-tabpanel-1\u0022 role=\u0022tabpanel\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022image-tab-1\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cfigure class=\u0022map-slide__large-figure\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmapseukodaltablettenjpgwebpitokb-j8gz7\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-large active\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/uncut_800\/public\/maps\/eukodaltabletten.jpg?itok=Xq6lUhAU\u0022 title=\u0022Eukodal Tabletten. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n        \u003C\/figure\u003E\n      \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-large-item js-tab-panel \u0022 id=\u0022image-large-tabpanel-2\u0022 role=\u0022tabpanel\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022image-tab-2\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cfigure class=\u0022map-slide__large-figure\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmapseukodaljpgwebpitokztuvlr5h\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-large\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/uncut_800\/public\/maps\/eukodal.jpg?itok=g8q-scBp\u0022 title=\u0022Reclame Eukodal. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n        \u003C\/figure\u003E\n      \u003C\/li\u003E\n      \u003C\/ul\u003E\n\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content-inner\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003Cbutton data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022 class=\u0022button-link button-link--with-icon map-slide__back js-swiper__home\u0022\u003E\n              \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--arrow-left button-link__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-arrow-left\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n              \u003Cspan class=\u0022map-slide__back-text button-link__text\u0022\u003ETerug\u003C\/span\u003E\n            \u003C\/button\u003E\n            \u003Cbutton data-loc=\u0022en\u0022 class=\u0022button-link button-link--with-icon map-slide__back js-swiper__home\u0022\u003E\n              \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--arrow-left button-link__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-arrow-left\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n              \u003Cspan class=\u0022map-slide__back-text button-link__text\u0022\u003EReturn\u003C\/span\u003E\n            \u003C\/button\u003E\n                    \n          \n          \n\n\n  \u003Cul class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail-list\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail-item\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cbutton class=\u0022map-slide__thumb-button js-tab-item\u0022 role=\u0022tab\u0022 id=\u0022image-tab-1\u0022 aria-controls=\u0022image-large-tabpanel-1\u0022 data-panel=\u00221\u0022 aria-selected=\u0022true\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail active\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/medium\/public\/maps\/eukodaltabletten.jpg.webp?itok=b__j8gZ7\u0022 title=\u0022Eukodal Tabletten. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n          \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022\u003E\n            Eukodal Tabletten. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\n          \u003C\/span\u003E\n        \u003C\/button\u003E\n      \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail-item\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cbutton class=\u0022map-slide__thumb-button js-tab-item\u0022 role=\u0022tab\u0022 id=\u0022image-tab-2\u0022 aria-controls=\u0022image-large-tabpanel-2\u0022 data-panel=\u00222\u0022 aria-selected=\u0022false\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-thumbnail\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/medium\/public\/maps\/eukodal.jpg.webp?itok=Ztuvlr5h\u0022 title=\u0022Reclame Eukodal. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n          \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022\u003E\n            Reclame Eukodal. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\n          \u003C\/span\u003E\n        \u003C\/button\u003E\n      \u003C\/li\u003E\n      \u003C\/ul\u003E\n  \u003Cul class=\u0022map-slide__image-caption-list\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-caption-item js-tab-item-extra  js-tab-item-extra--active \u0022 data-panel=\u00221\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__thumb-figcaption caption map-slide__caption\u0022\u003E\n            \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--camera caption__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-camera\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n            \u003Cspan class=\u0022caption__text\u0022\u003E\n              Eukodal Tabletten. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\n            \u003C\/span\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003Cli class=\u0022map-slide__image-caption-item js-tab-item-extra \u0022 data-panel=\u00222\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__thumb-figcaption caption map-slide__caption\u0022\u003E\n            \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--camera caption__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-camera\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n            \u003Cspan class=\u0022caption__text\u0022\u003E\n              Reclame Eukodal. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\n            \u003C\/span\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003C\/li\u003E\n      \u003C\/ul\u003E\n\n                        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003EDe relatief hoge prijs van de nieuwe generatie opiaten waaronder Eukodal (oxycodon) beperkt het gebruik ervan. In Nederland verhindert een restrictief prijsbeleid voor geneesmiddelen door de collectieve verzekeringsfondsen een snelle penetratie op de medische markt. Eind jaren twintig en begin jaren dertig van de twintigste eeuw beginnen in medische en farmaceutische tijdschriften in Nederland en Duitsland waarschuwingen over verslaving (\u0027eukodalisme\u0027), intoxicatierisico\u0027s en valse opio\u00efdenrecepten te circuleren.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EVerslaafden blijven in de regel buiten zicht. Een questionnaire van de farmaceutische inspectie die wordt beantwoord door 750 huisartsen levert in 1930 een aantal van \u0027slechts\u0027 35 verslaafde pati\u00ebnten op, voornamelijk morfinegebruikers. De waarde van dit soort onderzoek is echter gering. In 1940 meldt de farmaceutische inspectie een verdachte grote hoeveelheid hero\u00efne die wordt voorgeschreven in Rotterdam. Het gaat hier om behandelingen van astma door ziekenfondsartsen.\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003EThe relatively high price of the new generation of opiate specialty drugs limited their use. In the Netherlands, a restrictive pricing policy for pharmaceuticals by collective insurance funds prevented rapid penetration of the medical market. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, warnings about addiction (\u0027eucodalism\u0027), intoxication risks and counterfeit opioid prescriptions began to circulate in medical and pharmaceutical journals in the Netherlands and Germany.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EAddicts generally remained out of sight. A questionnaire from the pharmaceutical inspectorate that was answered by 750 general practitioners in 1930 yielded a number of \u0027only\u0027 35 addicted patients, mainly morphine users. However, the value of this type of research is limited. In 1940, the pharmaceutical inspectorate reported a suspiciously large amount of heroin that was prescribed in Rotterdam. This concerned treatments for asthma by health insurance funds doctors.\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n                  \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/section\u003E\n  \u003C\/li\u003E\n\n  \n\n\n\n\n  \u003Cli class=\u0022swiper-slide\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Csection class=\u0022paragraph paragraph--type--hotspot-item map-slide\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__card\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cfigure class=\u0022map-slide__large-figure\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmaps0358-005jpgwebpitokiplu93bl\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-large active\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/uncut_800\/public\/maps\/0358-005.jpg?itok=S2RPYcQ3\u0022 title=\u0022Twee jaar ge\u00ebist tegen smokkelaars in verdovende middelen. Bron: Overijsselsch dagblad, 30-09-1955 via Delpher.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n    \u003C\/figure\u003E\n  \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content-inner\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003Cbutton data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022 class=\u0022button-link button-link--with-icon map-slide__back js-swiper__home\u0022\u003E\n              \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--arrow-left button-link__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-arrow-left\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n              \u003Cspan class=\u0022map-slide__back-text button-link__text\u0022\u003ETerug\u003C\/span\u003E\n            \u003C\/button\u003E\n            \u003Cbutton data-loc=\u0022en\u0022 class=\u0022button-link button-link--with-icon map-slide__back js-swiper__home\u0022\u003E\n              \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--arrow-left button-link__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-arrow-left\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n              \u003Cspan class=\u0022map-slide__back-text button-link__text\u0022\u003EReturn\u003C\/span\u003E\n            \u003C\/button\u003E\n                    \n          \n          \n\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022caption map-slide__caption\u0022\u003E\n        \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--camera caption__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-camera\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n        \u003Cspan class=\u0022caption__text\u0022 id=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmaps0358-005jpgwebpitokiplu93bl\u0022\u003E\n          Twee jaar ge\u00ebist tegen smokkelaars in verdovende middelen. Bron: Overijsselsch dagblad, 30-09-1955 via Delpher.\n        \u003C\/span\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n                        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003ENa de Tweede Wereldoorlog wordt de illegale handel in morfine en andere verdovende middelen voortgezet. Voorraden van het Duitse leger worden te gelde gemaakt.\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003EAfter the Second World War, the illegal trade in morphine and other narcotic drugs continued. British stocks of confiscated German army opiate stocks were being sold on the black market.\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n                  \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/section\u003E\n  \u003C\/li\u003E\n\n  \n\n\n\n\n  \u003Cli class=\u0022swiper-slide\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Csection class=\u0022paragraph paragraph--type--hotspot-item map-slide\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__card\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cfigure class=\u0022map-slide__large-figure\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmaps0358-006jpgwebpitokokreyep-\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cimg class=\u0022map-slide__image-large active\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/uncut_800\/public\/maps\/0358-006.jpg?itok=f3QgfKKl\u0022 title=\u0022Receptboekjes opium. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n    \u003C\/figure\u003E\n  \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__content-inner\u0022\u003E\n                      \u003Cbutton data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022 class=\u0022button-link button-link--with-icon map-slide__back js-swiper__home\u0022\u003E\n              \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--arrow-left button-link__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-arrow-left\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n              \u003Cspan class=\u0022map-slide__back-text button-link__text\u0022\u003ETerug\u003C\/span\u003E\n            \u003C\/button\u003E\n            \u003Cbutton data-loc=\u0022en\u0022 class=\u0022button-link button-link--with-icon map-slide__back js-swiper__home\u0022\u003E\n              \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--arrow-left button-link__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-arrow-left\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n              \u003Cspan class=\u0022map-slide__back-text button-link__text\u0022\u003EReturn\u003C\/span\u003E\n            \u003C\/button\u003E\n                    \n          \n          \n\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022caption map-slide__caption\u0022\u003E\n        \n\u003Csvg  aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022 focusable=\u0022false\u0022 class=\u0022icon icon--camera caption__icon\u0022  \u003E\n  \u003Cuse xmlns:xlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\u0022\n       xlink:href=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/custom\/dist\/images\/defs\/svg\/sprite.defs.svg?qf48zhkjxzbb#icon-camera\u0022\u003E\u003C\/use\u003E\n\u003C\/svg\u003E\n        \u003Cspan class=\u0022caption__text\u0022 id=\u0022sitesdefaultfilesstylesmediumpublicmaps0358-006jpgwebpitokokreyep-\u0022\u003E\n          Receptboekjes opium. Bron: Collectie Stichting Farmaceutisch Erfgoed.\n        \u003C\/span\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n                        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022nl\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003EDe leiders van de medische gemeenschap gebruiken de verhalen over vergiftigingen en verslaving om hun positie als poortwachter te versterken. Maar in de praktijk hebben artsen en apothekers hun poortwachtersrol voor morfine niet altijd met succes vervuld. Soms raken ze zelf verslaafd aan morfine of laten ze controles bij hun pati\u00ebnten achterwege \u2014 terwijl er wel degelijk \u0027vervalschte\u0027 opiumrecepten in omloop waren. Een Rotterdamse politieofficier uit in 1939 zijn frustratie dat artsen die opiaten voorschrijven zonder goede diagnose niet vervolgd worden. In 1947 concludeert een farmaceutisch inspecteur dat de voorraad morfine bij artsen en ziekenhuizen niet volgens voorschrift wordt gecontroleerd.\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022map-slide__text\u0022 data-loc=\u0022en\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cp\u003ELeaders of the medical community used the stories about poisoning and addiction to strengthen their position as gatekeepers. But in practice, doctors and pharmacists not always successfully fulfilled their gatekeeper role for morphine. Sometimes they became addicted to morphine themselves or failed to check their patients, even though \u0027counterfeit\u0027 opium prescriptions were in circulation. A Rotterdam police officer in 1939 expressed his frustration that doctors who prescribed opiates without a proper diagnosis were not prosecuted. In 1947 a pharmaceutical inspector concluded that the stock of morphine in doctors\u2019 offices and hospitals is not being checked according to regulations.\u003C\/p\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n                  \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003C\/section\u003E\n  \u003C\/li\u003E\n\n\n      \n    \u003C\/ul\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n","settings":{"nfm_settings":{"map":true,"type":"hotspot","dock_id":"swiper__dock"}}}]